Womens Health
Womens HealthbyTHS Hospital

Well Woman Check


Well Woman Check

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here are many diseases that can be cured if they are detected early.  For this reason, it is of vital importance to carry out the corresponding medical check-ups, according to the age and the risk factors that patients have.

A routine gynecological examination should be performed for the following reasons:

  • Detect health problems focused on gynecology, including breast diseases and cervical, uterus, or womb lesions.
  • Evaluate the risk factors that can develop diseases in the female genitals or breasts.
  • Monitor health changes through time.
  • Provide advice on contraceptive methods if the patient requests it.
  • Promote and provide teachings about their well-being and habits for good health.

Who should take a gynecological routine exam?

  • Women should start to perform their gynecological exams at 18 years old or when they begin their sex life.
  • When there are alterations in the menstrual cycle.
  • Those women who have family history in first grade of breast cancer, that is, mother or sister.
  • Preconceptional exam, that means, before getting pregnant.

Below, we give you a guide with the routine gynecological exams required for every woman:

Gynecological Control

All women of childbearing age or with alterations in menstrual periods should be monitored once a year. This should continue after menopause.

In this control, risk factors, the patient’s menstrual history, your sex life in terms of age at start and number of partners, among other important aspects.

Mammography

It serves to detect early breast cancer and must be performed annually starting at 40 years old. A woman with a background of relatives with breast cancer must undergo more rigorous control, which implies an early review.

Transvaginal Ultrasound

This test is done with the objective of evaluating specifically uterus and ovaries. It’s not performed routinely, its periodicity will depend on the symptoms or findings.

Vaginal Cytology

This exam is aimed at detecting very early precancerous lesions in the cervix. It is recommended to do this examination every year or earlier if in the result of the previous cytology presented some alteration.

Bone Densitometry

It is advisable to evaluate the state of the bones, especially of those women who are in the stage of menopause. If the results are normal, it is recommended to repeat it every two or three years.

At Harley Street Hospital, we have recognized doctors who can perform well woman checks. Book an appointment with us to stay healthy.

 

 

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Frequently Asked Questions

A well woman blood test typically includes a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), complete blood count (CBC), lipid panel, thyroid function tests (TFTs), and screening for certain infectious diseases such as HIV and syphilis. Additionally, it may include tests for hormone levels, such as oestradiol and progesterone, depending on individual health concerns and risk factors.

Women should undergo regular screenings, including Pap smears for cervical cancer, mammograms for breast cancer, and bone density scans for osteoporosis. Additionally, blood tests for cholesterol, glucose, and thyroid function, along with regular blood pressure checks, are essential for overall health maintenance.

A female full panel blood test typically includes a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), complete blood count (CBC), lipid panel, thyroid function tests (TFTs), and hormone levels assessment. This comprehensive screening helps assess overall health, detect potential issues, and monitor hormone balance.

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Astigmatism


Astigmatism

Astigmatism is a refractive problem that occurs when the cornea (the external and transparent layer of the eye) does not present the same curvature in all its zones. Astigmatism affects vision from near and far.

In the case of astigmatism, the light coming from the objects that enter the eye focuses on more than one point of the retina. This generates a blurred and distorted vision since in the normal eyes the images focus on a single point of the retina.

Depending on the age of the patient, his visual acuity and the type of astigmatism that he suffers or the graduation he presents, he may or may not perceive symptoms and these may be diverse. In general, the main symptom is blurred or distorted perception, both distant objects and of nearby objects. The difficulty of perceiving small details at all distances is also common. In cases where it appears associated with hyperopia, it is common for the patient to suffer from eyestrain, redness, itching and stinging of eyes, dizziness or headaches due to the overexertion that the eye makes to focus the images.

Astigmatism can be determined genetically and appear along with certain pathologies of the cornea, such as keratoconus, or it can be due to trauma or certain surgical interventions.

Types of astigmatism

  • Simple: It affects a single axis.
  • Compound: When it is associated with another pathology. There are two types:
    – Myopic: astigmatism associated with myopia.
    – Hypermetropic: associated with hyperopia.
  • Mixed: One axis is focused in front of the retina and the other one behind.

Astigmatism cannot be prevented, but it can be detected through a complete ophthalmological examination and corrected later through the use of glasses, contact lenses or through different types of surgical techniques.

How is it corrected?
There are different surgical options for correction. Surgery for astigmatism using laser techniques (Lasik, PRK / Lasek) or surgery that involves the implant of an intraocular lens. In addition, astigmatism can be corrected while eliminating other refractive problems, such as myopia, hyperopia or presbyopia. It must be the ophthalmologist who, once assessed the specific case of each patient through preoperative tests, indicate what type of surgery is the most appropriate to correct it.

At Harley Street Hospital, we have the best doctors to diagnose and treat astigmatism. Book a consultation to get a specialist´s opinion.

Frequently Asked Questions

Astigmatism is typically caused by irregularities in the shape of the cornea or lens of the eye. These irregularities can distort the way light enters the eye, leading to blurred or distorted vision at all distances.

Yes, astigmatism can be corrected through various methods, including eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery such as LASIK or PRK. These treatments aim to modify the way light enters the eye, improving vision and reducing astigmatism-related symptoms.

Yes, glasses are a common and effective treatment for astigmatism, correcting vision by compensating for irregularities in the eye’s curvature. Special lenses in the glasses are designed to address the specific needs of individuals with astigmatism, providing clear and comfortable vision.

Yes, astigmatism can occur naturally and is often present from birth. It results from irregularities in the curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye, causing light to focus unevenly and resulting in blurred or distorted vision.

Andrology
AndrologybyTHS Hospital

Premature Ejaculation

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Premature Ejaculation

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uring the evolution of human sexuality, the ability to control the time of ejaculation has been one of the most important characteristics of the sexual health of couples. For this reason, the lack of control in ejaculation has a profound psychological base effect and its treatment must be carried out through a psychological therapy to the man or the couple. The ejaculatory alterations, especially premature ejaculation is one of the most common complications of adult men and men with premature ejaculation report low levels of sexual satisfaction compared to men with normal ejaculation.
Premature ejaculation, or lack of control of ejaculation, is the inability to exercise voluntary control over the ejaculatory reflex so that once a man reaches a certain level of sexual arousal he ejaculates automatically and quickly after or even before vaginal penetration. Because intravaginal ejaculation in patients with premature ejaculation usually occurs, it is rarely a cause of infertility.
If this is the case, ejaculation happens before vaginal penetration, couples can perform some assisted reproduction procedure for solving the problem of infertility.

Treatment

Currently, there are protocols to treat premature ejaculation that last between 8 and 12 weeks, going to consultation normally once a week or every 15 days depending on the case.
The used therapies are those that have empirical support derived of fields like sexual medicine and experimental psychology and they are internationally accepted techniques that are part of the consensus guidelines of the International Society for Sexual Medicine for the treatment of premature ejaculation.
These protocols can be applied individually or to the couple, and are adaptable to each case, they include the latest advances in sexual medicine at the pharmacological and psychological levels.

The treatment´s main goal is that the patient reaches the control over his ejaculation, by doing so he can lead a satisfactory sexual life.

At Harley Street Hospital, we have some of the best doctors that can treat premature ejaculation. Book your consultation now to get a specialist opinion.

 

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Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)


Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)

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enerally, amblyopia manifests in only one eye, although it can affect both and is usually caused by the lack of adequate visual stimulation during the critical period of visual development. The lazy eye is a pathology that is usually diagnosed and treated in childhood although if it is not detected early or if the treatment is not adequate it can be prolonged throughout adulthood without the possibility of correction.

Causes of lazy eye
The lazy eye or amblyopia is the most common reason for vision loss among children and young people in developed countries and affects approximately 3% of the population.

The lazy eye is produced when one of the two eyes is used less than the other as a result of the patient suffering from strabismus (each eye looks in one direction) or when the patient has a large graduation difference between one eye and another. It is known as anisometropia (one eye dominates and the other is no longer used). Finally, amblyopia can also occur when there are media opacities, that is when some of the structures through which the light passes until it reaches the retina are not completely transparent. This occurs, for example, in children with congenital cataracts. It is very important to correct this visual defect during childhood (before 7 or 8 years) because if it is treated, the patient can completely lose the vision of the eye that does not use.

Treatment
The amblyopia or lazy eye is treated by glasses with suitable graduation and occlusions of the dominant eye (patches on the “good eye” with which it looks good) to force the activity of the amblyopic eye (the affected eye). Although the fundamental treatment for the correction of amblyopia is occlusion with patches, there are other alternatives such as:

-Dilation of the pupil of the good eye with atropine.
-Other alternatives of visual therapy: a set of techniques that teach and help in the rehabilitating process of the lazy eye, working processes such as the change of focus between distances or eye movements, among others.

Patients treated for amblyopia usually recover their vision completely and develop their life normally.

At Harley Street Hospital, we have the best doctors to diagnose and treat amblyopia. Book a consultation to get a specialist´s opinion.

Frequently Asked Questions

Lazy eye (amblyopia) is typically treated in children through a combination of methods, including corrective eyeglasses or contact lenses, patching the stronger eye to encourage the weaker eye to work harder, and vision therapy exercises to improve coordination and visual acuity. Early intervention is crucial for optimal outcomes.

Yes, lazy eye (amblyopia) can often be effectively treated, especially when diagnosed and treated early in childhood. Treatment methods such as corrective eyeglasses or contact lenses, patching, and vision therapy can improve visual acuity and coordination in the affected eye. However, successful treatment depends on factors such as the age of the individual and the severity of amblyopia.

Natural methods such as eye exercises and visual stimulation activities may complement conventional treatments for lazy eye (amblyopia), but their effectiveness varies. Consulting an eye care professional is essential for personalized guidance and treatment.

lumbar fussion
Spinal Surgery
Spinal SurgerybyTHS Hospital

Day Surgery Lumbar Fusion


Day Surgery Lumbar Fusion

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umbar fusion (also known as arthrodesis) is the most widely used technique in spine surgery and consists of creating a bone weld between 2 vertebrae so that they stop moving. To achieve a good weld requires that there is no movement, the absence of movement allows bone growth which is achieved through the use of the famous screws, rods and interbody devices (they are boxes that are placed between the vertebrae to increase stability and promote fusion).

The surgery consists of stimulating the bone growth so that it grows and two vertebrae so that they stop moving. Often bone substitutes are used to promote the creation of bone solder.

When is lumbar fusion performed?
A lumbar fusion should be performed when we have vertebral instability, vertebral degeneration is very important and/or low back pain is one of the predominant symptoms.

We refer to vertebral instability when there is excessive movement between the vertebrae, sometimes the instability is prior to surgery as occurs in spondylolisthesis.

Sometimes when a nerve decompression is performed we have to remove too many bone structures to access the lumbar canal and decompress the nerve roots, so we generate post-laminectomy instability and it is necessary to fuse the vertebrae.

There are other occasions when there is very advanced disc degeneration or very important osteoarthritis in the joints that join the vertebrae. In these cases, arthrodesis is performed if low back pain is significant.

Types of vertebral mergers
The different types of vertebral fusion can be divided into 2 depending on where we access the vertebra and where the bone bridge or weld is performed. By generalizing we will divide vertebral fusions into posterior and anterolateral.

Complications of lumbar fusion
Performing a spinal arthrodesis increases the risk of complication since it increases the surgical time, which can increase the risk of bleeding and therefore the risk of receiving a transfusion. Increased surgical time is also associated with a higher incidence of infections.

Pseudoarthrosis or lack of union. Sometimes the bone does not grow and vertebral fusion is not achieved. However, we usually have fusion rates higher than 90%. The lack of union causes back pain and excess tension on the screws, which can cause them to break or loosen. To solve a pseudoarthrosis we must re-intervene the patient. To increase stability, we usually put screws with a larger diameter, put in interbody cages if there were none, or increase the size of the interbody cages if possible.

Degeneration of the adjacent disc. There is a theory that increasing the stiffness of the column increases the stress and load on the upper and lower segments of the fusion. The degeneration of the adjacent disc with clinical repercussions varies between 5.2% and 18.5%. When we have a degeneration of the adjacent disc, many times it is necessary to extend the surgery and fuse the vertebrae of the disc that has degenerated.

Frequently Asked Questions

Day Surgery Lumbar Fusion is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat certain types of back pain or spinal conditions. It involves fusing two or more vertebrae in the lumbar spine using bone grafts, screws, and rods to stabilise the spine and alleviate pain.

Candidates for DSL typically have specific spinal conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, or spondylolisthesis that have not responded to conservative treatments. They should be in good overall health and have realistic expectations about the procedure’s outcomes.

DSL offers several advantages, including shorter hospital stays, reduced risk of complications associated with traditional open surgery, faster recovery times, and the ability for patients to return home on the same day as the procedure. It also minimises disruption to daily life and allows for a quicker return to activities.

Doctors Specialising in Spine Care

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Spinal Surgery Fellow and Resident Medical Officer

Mr. Yuin Lok

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Harley Street Hospital is situated in the UK’s most exclusive health district, where we pride ourselves on offering bespoke care for those seeking a more personalised approach to their healthcare needs.